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CVE-2021-44228

Apache Log4j2 JNDI features do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints

Published: Dec 10, 2021Updated: Feb 20, 2026 Sources: CVE List NVD GHSA BDU csafCWE-20

Description

Apache Log4j2 2.0-beta9 through 2.15.0 (excluding security releases 2.12.2, 2.12.3, and 2.3.1) JNDI features used in configuration, log messages, and parameters do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints. An attacker who can control log messages or log message parameters can execute arbitrary code loaded from LDAP servers when message lookup substitution is enabled. From log4j 2.15.0, this behavior has been disabled by default. From version 2.16.0 (along with 2.12.2, 2.12.3, and 2.3.1), this functionality has been completely removed. Note that this vulnerability is specific to log4j-core and does not affect log4net, log4cxx, or other Apache Logging Services projects.

In plain language

AI Act now

CVE-2021-44228 (Apache Log4j2) lets an attacker run code by sneaking instructions into text that gets written to logs—so any small business using affected Log4j2 software should treat it as an urgent, serious fix if the affected system can be reached over the network.

Executive summary

CVE-2021-44228 is an unauthenticated remote code execution flaw in Apache Log4j2 triggered by attacker-controlled log message content/parameters when Log4j2 message lookup substitution and JNDI resolution to attacker-controlled LDAP/other JNDI endpoints are enabled; exploitation is confirmed by inclusion in CISA KEV and has been used in ransomware campaigns.

If affected, business impact
Full server takeoverRansomware infection riskCustomer data exposureOperations disrupted

What to do now

  1. Check whether any system in your business uses Apache Log4j2 (log4j-core) and whether it can receive untrusted input that ends up in Log4j2 log messages.
  2. Identify your exact Log4j2 version on each affected application/server (and also check included libraries inside packaged software).
  3. Upgrade to the fixed versions: apache log4j (log4j-core) >= 2.3.1, or for affected firmware/software where updates exist use the listed fixes (e.g., 6bk1602-0aa* firmware fixed in 2.7.0; capital fixed in 2019.1; comos fixed in 10.4.2; e-car operation center fixed in 2021-12-13; energyip prepay fixed in 3.8.0.12; gma-manager fixed in 8.6.2j-398; industrial edge management hub fixed in 2021-12-13).
  4. If you cannot update immediately, temporarily remove the affected assets from your network (or apply the interim mitigations from CISA until updates are available).
  5. After updating/mitigating, review logs and alerting for unusual outbound LDAP/JNDI-like connections and unexpected processes launched by the server.
Patch / advisory Usually a quick update

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:NUI:NS:CC:HI:HA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:NPrivileges Required
None
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:CScope
Changed
Impact
C:HConfidentiality
High
I:HIntegrity
High
A:HAvailability
High

Weaknesses

Affected Products

and 213 more affected products View all →

Exploitability

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability
Added to KEV:Dec 10, 2021
Remediation due:Dec 24, 2021
Ransomware:Known ransomware use

Required action: For all affected software assets for which updates exist, the only acceptable remediation actions are: 1) Apply updates; OR 2) remove affected assets from agency networks. Temporary mitigations using one of the measures provided at https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ed-22-02-apache-log4j-recommended-mitigation-measures are only acceptable until updates are available.

23 exploit sources identified

Exploit details including PoC links, Metasploit modules, and scanner templates are available after registration.

View exploit details
Official Patch Available
Workaround Available

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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MITRE ATT&CK

4 techniques
Execution
Impact
Initial Access
View detailed technique mapping

References

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5

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