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CVE-2026-42271

LiteLLM: Authenticated command execution via MCP stdio test endpoints

Published: May 8, 2026Updated: Jul 15, 2026 Sources: CVE List NVDCWE-77

Description

LiteLLM is a proxy server (AI Gateway) to call LLM APIs in OpenAI (or native) format. From version 1.74.2 to before version 1.83.7, two endpoints used to preview an MCP server before saving it — POST /mcp-rest/test/connection and POST /mcp-rest/test/tools/list — accepted a full server configuration in the request body, including the command, args, and env fields used by the stdio transport. When called with a stdio configuration, the endpoints attempted to connect, which spawned the supplied command as a subprocess on the proxy host with the privileges of the proxy process. The endpoints were gated only by a valid proxy API key, with no role check. Any authenticated user — including holders of low-privilege internal-user keys — could therefore run arbitrary commands on the host. This issue has been patched in version 1.83.7.

In plain language

AI Act now

CVE-2026-42271 lets someone with a low-privilege LiteLLM API key run arbitrary commands on the server machine, and it’s already being exploited in the real world—if you run LiteLLM (or OpenShift AI that uses it), you should act immediately.

Executive summary

CVE-2026-42271 is an authenticated command injection in LiteLLM’s MCP stdio test endpoints that allow a user with any valid (low-privilege) proxy API key to trigger OS command execution on the host by submitting malicious MCP server configuration to /mcp-rest/test/connection and /mcp-rest/test/tools/list; it is listed in CISA KEV with active exploitation.

If affected, business impact
Full server takeover riskData theft from your environmentService disruption and outagesMalicious persistence and ransomware risk

What to do now

  1. Check whether you run LiteLLM (or OpenShift AI using LiteLLM) and identify the deployed LiteLLM version.
  2. If your LiteLLM version is between 1.74.2 and 1.83.6 (inclusive), plan to upgrade now to litellm 1.83.7.
  3. If you are using openshift ai, upgrade now to openshift ai 2.25.8.
  4. If you cannot upgrade immediately, immediately restrict or rotate the LiteLLM proxy API keys so only trusted admins can access the proxy endpoints, and temporarily block access to the MCP test endpoints from non-admin clients.
  5. After upgrading, review logs for requests to /mcp-rest/test/connection and /mcp-rest/test/tools/list and investigate any suspicious payloads or process executions.
Patch / advisory Usually a quick update

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:LUI:NS:UC:HI:HA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:LPrivileges Required
Low
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:UScope
Unchanged
Impact
C:HConfidentiality
High
I:HIntegrity
High
A:HAvailability
High

Weaknesses

Affected Products

Exploitability

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability
Added to KEV:Jun 8, 2026
Remediation due:Jun 22, 2026

Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Workaround Available

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique
Execution
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References

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