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CVE-2026-40342

Firebird: Path Traversal + Arbitrary File Write Leads to Remote Code Execution

Published: Apr 17, 2026Updated: Apr 17, 2026 Sources: CVE List
NVD MITRE
10.0CVSS
CRITICAL

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

EPSS Score
N/A
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
No Known Exploits
Remediation
No Fix Available

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:LUI:NS:CC:HI:HA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:LPrivileges Required
Low
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:CScope
Changed
Impact
C:HConfidentiality
High
I:HIntegrity
High
A:HAvailability
High

Weaknesses

CWE-22CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')CWE-427CWE-427: Uncontrolled Search Path ElementCWE-73CWE-73: External Control of File Name or PathCWE-94CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Affected Products

firebird
FirebirdSQL

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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Exploitability

No known exploits, KEV entries, or remediation guidance available for this vulnerability yet.

MITRE ATT&CK

5 techniques
Collection
Discovery
Execution
Initial Access
Persistence
View detailed technique mapping

References

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257
github.com
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14
github.com
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7
github.com
and 1 more references View all →

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