CVE Tools
Sign in

CVE-2025-8591

Reflected Cross-Site Scripting via URL Parameter in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables UI Modification

Published: Jul 6, 2026Updated: Jul 9, 2026 Sources: CVE List NVDCWE-79
6.1MEDIUM
NVD MITRE
EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94.2%
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
No Known Exploits
Remediation
Patch Available
Self-Check
OpenVAS

Description

The software accepts user-supplied input via a URL parameter without adequate output encoding before reflecting it back to the user's browser. This condition allows an attacker to inject malicious script content into pages served by the application. By leveraging this weakness, an attacker can cause the user's browser to redirect to a malicious website, modify the UI of the webpage, or retrieve information from the browser. However, the impact is mitigated by the use of httpOnly flags on session-related cookies, preventing session hijacking.

No summary for this CVE yet.

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:NUI:RS:CC:LI:LA:N
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:NPrivileges Required
None
UI:RUser Interaction
Required
Scope
S:CScope
Changed
Impact
C:LConfidentiality
Low
I:LIntegrity
Low
A:NAvailability
None
Open in CVSS calculator →

Weaknesses

CWE-79

Affected Products

WSO2
commercial·IN
api control planeSaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS / api-gateway
api managerSaaSWeb App
Cloud & SaaS / api-gateway
identity serverOn-premWeb App
Security Products / identity-access-mgmt
identity server as key managerSaaSSecurity Product
Cloud & SaaS
open banking amSaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS / saas-application
open banking iamSaaSSecurity Product
Cloud & SaaS
traffic managerSaaSWeb App
Cloud & SaaS
universal gatewaySaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS / api-gateway
and 8 more affected products View all →

Exploitability

Official Patch Available
Is your org exposed to CVE-2025-8591?We can run the check for you — a free external exposure review, no install. Check my exposure

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

Click technique nodes for MITRE ATT&CK details · drag to pan · Ctrl/⌘ + scroll to zoom, or go fullscreen.

MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques
Execution
Initial Access
View detailed technique mapping

References

https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4343/
security.docs.wso2.com

Unlock Complete Vulnerability Intelligence

Get the full picture for CVE-2025-8591 and every CVE in our database. Create a free account — no credit card required.

Create Free Account
Plain-language analysis
Impact assessment and exploitation scenario in plain English
Attack graph visualization
Interactive attack path and kill chain mapping
Exploit details & PoC links
ExploitDB, Metasploit, GitHub PoCs with direct links
Nuclei scanner templates
Ready-to-use vulnerability scanner templates
Full remediation guide
Patch instructions, workarounds, and compliance impact
Interactive AI chat
Ask questions about this vulnerability in natural language
Related vulnerabilities
Semantically similar CVEs and attack patterns
REST API & MCP access
Integrate vulnerability data into your workflows