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CVE-2025-49005

Next.js cache poisoning due to omission of Vary header

Published: Jul 3, 2025Updated: Sep 10, 2025 Sources: CVE List NVD GHSA BDUCWE-444
NVD MITRE
3.7CVSSLOW
EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 68.1%
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
6 Known
Remediation
Patch Available

Description

Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In Next.js App Router from 15.3.0 to before 15.3.3 and Vercel CLI from 41.4.1 to 42.2.0, a cache poisoning vulnerability was found. The issue allowed page requests for HTML content to return a React Server Component (RSC) payload instead under certain conditions. When deployed to Vercel, this would only impact the browser cache, and would not lead to the CDN being poisoned. When self-hosted and deployed externally, this could lead to cache poisoning if the CDN does not properly distinguish between RSC / HTML in the cache keys. This issue has been resolved in Next.js 15.3.3.

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:HPR:NUI:NS:UC:NI:LA:N
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:HAttack Complexity
High
PR:NPrivileges Required
None
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:UScope
Unchanged
Impact
C:NConfidentiality
None
I:LIntegrity
Low
A:NAvailability
None
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Weaknesses

CWE-444

Affected Products

next.jsvercel
LibraryLibrary
OSS Libraries / web-framework
vercelvercel
SaaS
OSS Libraries / web-framework
nextnpmOSS Libraries
Next.jsVercel
LibraryLibrary
OSS Libraries / web-framework
Vercel CLIVercel
SaaS
OSS Libraries / web-framework
vercelcommercialUSOSS Librariesaka vercel
npmpackage-ecosystemOSS Libraries

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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Exploitability

6 exploit sources identified

Exploit details including PoC links, Metasploit modules, and scanner templates are available after registration.

View exploit details
Official Patch Available

MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique
Collection
View detailed technique mapping

References

https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/ec202eccf05820b60c6126d6411fe16766ecc066
github.com
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/79346
github.com
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v15.3.3
github.com
and 7 more references View all →

Timeline

Published
Jul 3, 2025
Last Updated
Sep 10, 2025

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