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CVE-2026-44497

ZEBRA: Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling due to Stale Buffer

No known exploitation. EPSS puts it in the 21st percentile. Fixed versions are out.

CVSS 3.19.1CriticalEPSS percentile21st0.3% chance in 30 daysCISA KEVNot listedNo confirmed exploitation
No public exploit knownFix3 products2 fixed builds listed below

Published Updated Sources: CVE.org, NVD

NVD CVE.org

What to do

Find your product and version, then upgrade to the build on the right.

  • ZcashFoundation zebraAffected: zebra-script < 6.0.0Upgrade to: not statedAffected: zebrad < 4.4.0Upgrade to: not statedStated by: CVE record
  • Zfnd Zebra-scriptAffected: < 6.0.0Upgrade to: 6.0.0Stated by: NVD
  • Zfnd ZebradAffected: < 4.4.0Upgrade to: 4.4.0Stated by: NVD

Versions as the sources state them. Full version matrix after sign-in

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What it is

From the CVE record

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.4.0 and prior to zebra-script version 6.0.0, the fix for CVE-2026-41583 introduced a separate issue due to insufficient error handling of the case where the sighash type is invalid, during sighash computation. Instead of returning an error, the normal flow would resume, and the input sighash buffer would be left untouched. In scenarios where a previous signature validation could leave a valid sighash in the buffer, an invalid hash-type could be incorrectly accepted, which would create a consensus split between Zebra and zcashd nodes. This issue has been patched in zebrad version 4.4.0 and zebra-script version 6.0.0.

In plain language

No plain-language summary for this CVE yet.

Exploitation

Where each signal puts this CVE on the scale from published to confirmed exploited.

EPSS21st
CISA KEV

Not in the catalog. CISA has not confirmed exploitation.

Public exploits

No public exploit or proof of concept found in the sources we track.

EPSS

0.3% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the 21st percentile of scored CVEs.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST.org. A probability, not a confirmation.

Lifecycle

5 events over 0 days, from the signal feeds we watch.

  1. Patch availablepublished, weakness classified, att&ck mapped, record updated

Affected products

Technical detail

CVSS 3.1 vector

Open in the CVSS calculator

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Scored 9.1 by NVD.

How it is reached

  • Attack Vector NetworkExploitable remotely over the network without any special conditions
  • Attack Complexity LowNo special conditions — the attack can be reliably reproduced
  • Privileges Required NoneNo authentication required — anyone can exploit this
  • User Interaction NoneNo user interaction needed — fully automated exploitation

Scope

  • Scope UnchangedImpact is limited to the vulnerable component itself

Impact if exploited

  • Confidentiality NoneNo confidentiality impact
  • Integrity HighTotal loss of integrity — attacker can modify any data in the component
  • Availability HighTotal denial of service — the component is completely unavailable

Weaknesses

ATT&CK techniques

Mapped from the weaknesses above (CWE to ATT&CK), not observed in attacks.

Sources

References in the record

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We'll flag the next CVE, public exploit or patch for Zebra-script, not every advisory.