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CVE-2026-43999

vm2: NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` allows sandbox escape

Published: May 13, 2026Updated: May 14, 2026 Sources: CVE List NVD BDUCWE-863
NVD MITRE
9.9CVSSCRITICAL
EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 53.0%
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
No Known Exploits
Remediation
Patch Available

Description

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, NodeVM's builtin allowlist can be bypassed when the module builtin is allowed (including via the '*' wildcard). The module builtin exposes Node's Module._load(), which loads any module by name directly in the host context, completely bypassing vm2's builtin restriction. This allows sandboxed code to load excluded builtins like child_process and achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:LUI:NS:CC:HI:HA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:LPrivileges Required
Low
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:CScope
Changed
Impact
C:HConfidentiality
High
I:HIntegrity
High
A:HAvailability
High
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Weaknesses

CWE-863

Affected Products

vm2patriksimek
Library
OSS Libraries / npm
vm2Node.js FoundationOSS Libraries
vm2vm2 project
Library
OSS Libraries / npm
patriksimekoss-projectOSS Libraries
node.js foundationoss-projectUSOSS Librariesaka nodejs foundation, node foundation
vm2 projectoss-projectOSS Librariesaka vm2

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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Exploitability

Official Patch Available
Workaround Available

MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques
Initial Access
View detailed technique mapping

References

https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-947f-4v7f-x2v8
github.com

Timeline

Published
May 13, 2026
Last Updated
May 14, 2026

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