CVE-2025-46560
vLLM phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing leads to denial of service
Description
vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to inefficient list concatenation operations, the algorithm exhibits quadratic time complexity (O(n²)), allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.
CVSS Vector Breakdown
AV:NAttack VectorAC:LAttack ComplexityPR:LPrivileges RequiredUI:NUser InteractionS:UScopeC:NConfidentialityI:NIntegrityA:HAvailabilityWeaknesses
Affected Products
Exploitability
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MITRE ATT&CK
1 techniqueReferences
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